我想在
android中的webview中设置和检索一个cookie.我已经尝试了许多cookie管理器脚本来尝试让它工作.我启用了
JavaScript.
在Samsung S3和Samsung galaxy Tab 10.1上运行应用程序时,似乎根本没有设置cookie(android 4.1).但是,当在三星galaxy ace,HTC Desire Z和Android模拟器上运行软件时,cookie被设置并读取完全正常.
工作时,webview按预期返回字符串,当不工作时,输出只是“null”; cookie没有值/没有设置.
我的具体情况也使用了滑动导航类,它是Actionbar Sherlock的扩展.
我真的很感激任何帮助,我几周来一直在努力解决这个问题.
谢谢.
HTML：
<html>
<head>
<title>
</title>
<script>
function createCookie(name,value)
{
var day = (1 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
var date = new Date();
date.setTime(date.getTime() + (20 * 365 * day));
var expires = "; expires=" + date.toGMTString();
document.cookie = name + '=; expires=Thu,01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT;';
document.cookie = name + "=" + value + expires + "; path=/";
}
function readCookie(name)
{
var nameEQ = name + "=";
var ca = document.cookie.split(';');
for(var i=0;i < ca.length;i++) {
var c = ca[i];
while (c.charat(0)==' ') c = c.substring(1,c.length);
if (c.indexOf(nameEQ) == 0) return c.substring(nameEQ.length,c.length);
}
return null;
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="">
<script type="text/javascript">
createCookie("test","If this is working,it returns this string. If this is not working,it returns null.");
document.write("test: " + readCookie("test"));
</script>
</body>
</html>
Java代码：
公共类MainActivity扩展SherlockActivity实现ISideNavigationCallback {
public static final String EXTRA_TITLE = "com.devspark.sidenavigation.sample.extra.MTGOBJECT";
public static final String EXTRA_RESOURCE_ID = "com.devspark.sidenavigation.sample.extra.RESOURCE_ID";
public static final String EXTRA_MODE = "com.devspark.sidenavigation.sample.extra.MODE";
public static String WebLoaded = "0";
public static String page = "signup.PHP";
private ImageView icon;
private SideNavigationView sideNavigationView;
private WebView engine;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
icon = (ImageView) findViewById(android.R.id.icon);
sideNavigationView = (SideNavigationView) findViewById(R.id.side_navigation_view);
sideNavigationView.setMenuItems(R.menu.side_navigation_menu);
sideNavigationView.setMenuClickCallback(this);
if (getIntent().hasExtra(EXTRA_TITLE)) {
String title = getIntent().getStringExtra(EXTRA_TITLE);
int resId = getIntent().getIntExtra(EXTRA_RESOURCE_ID,0);
setTitle(title);
icon.setimageResource(resId);
sideNavigationView.setMode(getIntent().getIntExtra(EXTRA_MODE,0) == 0 ? Mode.LEFT : Mode.RIGHT);
}
//test
getSupportActionBar().setdisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
String domain = "localhost";
CookieManager cookieManager = CookieManager.getInstance();
cookieManager.setAcceptCookie(true);
cookieManager.setCookie(domain,"name=value");
cookieManager.setCookie(domain,"path=/");
cookieManager.setCookie(domain,"HttpOnly");
//enable cookies
CookieManager.getInstance().setAcceptCookie(true);
//navigates web engine,including on nav click
engine = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.web_engine);
engine.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/" + page);
//enable JavaScript support - disabled by default for some weird reason
engine.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
engine.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient());
//disables text selection
engine.setonLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() {
public boolean onLongClick(View v) {
return true;
}
});
}
@Override
public void onPause()
{
super.onPause();
engine.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(false);
}
@Override
public void onResume()
{
super.onResume();
engine.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
}
@Override
public boolean onoptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case android.R.id.home:
sideNavigationView.toggleMenu();
break;
case R.id.mode_left:
item.setChecked(true);
sideNavigationView.setMode(Mode.LEFT);
break;
case R.id.mode_right:
item.setChecked(true);
sideNavigationView.setMode(Mode.RIGHT);
break;
default:
return super.onoptionsItemSelected(item);
}
return true;
}
@Override
public void onSideNavigationItemClick(int itemId) {
switch (itemId) {
case R.id.side_navigation_menu_item1:
invokeActivity(getString(R.string.title1),R.drawable.ic_android1);
page = "index.html";
break;
case R.id.side_navigation_menu_item2:
invokeActivity(getString(R.string.title2),R.drawable.ic_android2);
page = "test.html";
break;
case R.id.side_navigation_menu_item3:
invokeActivity(getString(R.string.title3),R.drawable.ic_android3);
break;
case R.id.side_navigation_menu_item4:
invokeActivity(getString(R.string.title4),R.drawable.ic_android4);
break;
case R.id.side_navigation_menu_item5:
invokeActivity(getString(R.string.title5),R.drawable.ic_android5);
break;
default:
return;
}
finish();
}
解决方法
经过一个多月的研究,我得出结论,在webview中设置一个大于2.3的安卓的cookie是不可能的,因为webview文件在localhost上(直接从assets文件夹中读取).
我经历了许多使用cookie存储的替代方案,包括使用HTML的本地存储.我被引导相信,这里的整个问题是安全问题.如果我要在localhost上创建cookie或localstorage,那么其他应用程序可以访问该存储,因此是一个主要的安全威胁.
我的最终问题是尝试通过与Java的双向通信来桥接webview,并且还有一个在此过程中存储数据的地方.我的解决方案是利用JavascriptInterface
这个想法如下：
>解析数据以在javascript中运行
> Javascript调用特殊的javascript函数,例如“setData(myDataname,myData)”
> Java有一个侦听它的函数,它将接受javscript设置的参数,并且还可以将值返回给javascript.
>将数据解析为Java后,java会将其存储在资产中的一系列文件中.
>当调用javascript函数“getData(myDataname)”时,Java会使用相同类型的方法返回数据.
我发现这非常有用：Android JavascriptInterface Documentation,Handling JavascriptInterface in Android 2.3
我发现的唯一主要“挂机”是Android 2.3中的fairly serious bug(固定在3.0),它有效地打破了JavascriptInterface.上面的第二个链接描述了我找到的最佳解决方法.
这是一个如何使双向通信工作的例子(它非常混乱,但它有效)：
自定义Web接口类：
public class webViewInterface {
//@JavascriptInterface //for SDK 12+
public String showToast(String myText) {
Toast.makeText(context,myText,Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return myText;
}
}
主要课程：
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
engine = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.web_engine);
context = this;
WebSettings webSettings = engine.getSettings();
webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
engine.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient());
engine.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/" + page);
boolean javascriptInterfacebroken = false;
try {
if (Build.VERSION.RELEASE.startsWith("2.3")) {
javascriptInterfacebroken = true;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// Ignore,and assume user javascript interface is working correctly.
}
// Add javascript interface only if it's not broken
// @Todo: write the workaround for < 2.3 devices
if (!javascriptInterfacebroken) {
engine.addJavascriptInterface(new webViewInterface(),"MainActivityInterface");
}
//disables text selection
engine.setonLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() {
public boolean onLongClick(View v) {
return true;
}
});
}
HTML：
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="Say hello" onClick="showAndroidToast();" />
<script type="text/javascript">
function showAndroidToast() {
document.write(MainActivityInterface.showToast("eureka!"));
}
</script>
</body>
</html>