在上一篇博客中,我们对二叉搜索树已经有了简单的认识。下面我们看看怎样将二叉搜索树转换成有序的双向链表
在二叉搜索树中,左子树结点的值小于双亲结点的值,右子树结点的值大于双亲结点的值。在双向链表中,每个结点也有两个指针,分别指向前一个结点和后一个结点。因此我们可以通过改变指针指向将二叉搜索树转换成双向链表。
具体实现代码如下:
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class K,class V>
struct BSTreeNode
{
BSTreeNode(const K& key,const V& value)
: _key(key),_value(value),_pLeft(NULL),_pRight(NULL),_pParent(NULL)
{}
BSTreeNode<K,V>* _pLeft;
BSTreeNode<K,V>* _pRight;
BSTreeNode<K,V>* _pParent;
K _key;
V _value;
};
template <class K,class V>
class BSTree
{
typedef BSTreeNode<K,V> Node;
typedef Node* pNode;
public:
BSTree()
: _pRoot(NULL)
{}
bool Insert(const K& key,const V& value)//非递归插入
{
if (NULL == _pRoot)
{
_pRoot = new Node(key,value);
return true;
}
pNode pCur = _pRoot;
pNode pParent = NULL;
while (pCur)
{
pParent = pCur;
if (key < pCur->_key)
pCur = pCur->_pLeft;
else
pCur = pCur->_pRight;
}
pCur = new Node(key,value);
if (key < pParent->_key)
pParent->_pLeft = pCur;
else if (key > pParent->_key)
pParent->_pRight = pCur;
else
return false;
pCur->_pParent = pParent;
return true;
}
pNode BSTreetoList()
{
if (NULL == _pRoot)
return NULL;
pNode pHead = _pRoot;//定义链表的头结点
while (pHead->_pLeft)
pHead = pHead->_pLeft;
pNode prev = NULL;
_BSTreetoList(_pRoot,prev);
return pHead;
}
private:
void _BSTreetoList(pNode pRoot,pNode& prev)
{
if (NULL == pRoot)
return;
_BSTreetoList(pRoot->_pLeft,prev);
pRoot->_pLeft = prev;
if (prev)
prev->_pRight = pRoot;
prev = pRoot;
_BSTreetoList(pRoot->_pRight,prev);
}
private:
pNode _pRoot;
};
void test()
{
int arr[] = { 5,3,4,1,2,0 };
BSTree<int,int> bt;
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]); i++)
bt.Insert(arr[i],arr[i]);
BSTreeNode<int,int>* pNode = bt.BSTreetoList();
BSTreeNode<int,int>* pCur = pNode;
while (pCur)//正向打印
{
cout << pCur->_key << " ";
pCur = pCur->_pRight;
}
cout << endl;
pCur = pNode;//逆向打印
while (pCur->_pRight)
pCur = pCur->_pRight;
while (pCur)
{
cout << pCur->_key << " ";
pCur = pCur->_pLeft;
}
}测试结果: